The journey of Maha Rsi Markandya, accompanied by his disciple named Bhujangga Sari, involved building Pura Gunung Raung, Pura Payogan, and also constructing Pura Tangga Hyang Api at the confluence along the banks of the Oos River. It is said that Bhujangga Sari had long pursued knowledge and wished to establish a pasraman on a piece of white land, which was found to be inhabited by the Bali Aga people from the Taro region. The temple built on this White Land is named Payogan Hyang Api, serving as a worship site for tri sakti and a place for pakraman worship. The name Tanah Putih is the origin of the name Penatih, derived from the words pinih and tih, which mean first (tih) (Dhaksa, n.d.).


After Bali was successfully conquered by the Majapahit Kingdom around the 14th century AD, Patih Gajah Mada, under the orders of Queen Tribhuwana Tunggadewi, sent Dalem Ketut Kresna Kepakisan (Dalem Samprangan) to become the Adipati of Bali along with several followers, such as Arya Kanuruhan, Arya Demung, Arya Belog, Arya Mengori, Arya Tumenggung, Arya Kenceng, Arya Delancang, Arya Kepakisan, Arya Pangalasan, Arya Kutawaringin, Arya Gajahpara, Arya Getas, and Arya Wang Bang. They were also accompanied by merchants like Si Tan Kober, Si Tan Kawur, and Si Tan Mundur. The Penatih region was inhabited by Arya Wang Bang Pinatih, who held the title Kyai Anglurah Pinatih Mantra, with an army of 35,000 comprised of the people from Arya Buleteng. Under the rule of Kyai Anglurah Penatih Mantra, Penatih underwent many developmental changes, including the construction of sacred buildings. The Pura Payogan Hyang Api, which had previously existed during Bhujangga Sari's time, was also restored. Initially established for the worship of tri sakti, it was expanded to include several ancestral shrines (kawitan), namely Palinggih Manik Angkeran, Palinggih Dukuh Blatungan, Palinggih Padma Siwa, and Palinggih Padma Budha (Padma Kurung). The construction of these two Padma (Siwa-Buddha) was a tribute to their ancestors, Mpu Sidhimantra, a follower of Buddhism, and Mpu Sedah, a follower of Shiva (Dhaksa, n.d.).
After its restoration and the addition of several shrines, Pura Payogan Hyang Api was renamed Pura Penataran Agung Penatih, which means: Pura refers to a place that is sanctified, Penataran means that which is owned by the ruler, and Penatih is the name of the region and the ruler at that time. Today, Pura Penataran Agung Penatih is inherited by the residents of the Pakraman/Adat Penatih Village, worshiped as Kahyangan Tunggal and as the Kawitan of Arya Wang Bang Pinatih (Dhaksa, n.d.).
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