Maospahit Temple

by Cultures

At first, this temple was built by a legendary Balinese figure, his name is Sri Kebo Iwa. He is known as an expert in the field of Balinese buildings. In the Babad Wongayah Dalem which is seen as the Maospahit Temple Inscription, it is explained about the journey of Sri Kebo Iwa teaching and leading the community to build the temple.

Sri Kebo Iwa built the Rasas Maospahit Temple in 1200 Saka (1278 AD). The so-called Rasa Maospahit Temple is a red brick building shrine which is quite large and unique with two ancient pottery statues flanking the door. The temple faces west on the Main Mandala of Maospahit Temple.

It seems that the contents of the Babad above are true. Because now we can see that there are two main shrines in the Main Mandala of Maospahit Temple. The pelinggih is in the form of a gedong. The red brick building with a palm fiber roof facing west is called the Raras Maospahit Temple. Meanwhile, its twin facing south is called Candi Raras Majapahit. In front, a little to the south, the Cultural Studio is lined up. Meanwhile, the twin salu is in the area to the east of the main mandala of Pengengker Maospahit Temple.

Jro Mangku Gede explained that those who were most glorified during prayers at the main mandala were Ratu Ayu Mas Maospahit who was enshrined in the Raras Maospahit Temple and Ida Bhatara Lingsir Sakti who was enshrined in the Raras Majapahit Temple. Pujawali to glorify Ratu Ayu Mas Maospahit falls on the Jyesta Full Moon day, while Pujawali to glorify Ida Bhatara Lingsir Sakti falls on the Full Moon Kalima.

The phrase Candi Raras means a beautiful temple and architecturally this old temple is indeed antique, although now the red bricks are starting to rot and many of the ancient bowls attached to the body of the Raras Majapahit Temple have been lost. The word "maospahit" means the same as the word "majapahit". The quoted Babad text clearly says that the gedong which was built under the name Raras Majapahit Temple was based on the size of the gedong or temple in the Majapahit kingdom. Its function is described as a panyawangan sacred building to connect oneself with gods or ancestral spirits who are far away, namely Majapahit. 

The Gods who are worshiped can be used as an indicator of the religion that the king and/or the community adheres to. Jro Mangku Gede confirmed this. That the Gods worshiped at the Maospahit temple are actually Gods who are the center of the religious orientation adhered to by the King of Majapahit. However, in the context of respect for the Balinese tradition, God is worshiped with the title Ida Bhatara Lingsir. He is the purusa 'man' with the character of 'sun'. On the other hand, Ratu Mas Maospahit is a Chandra (moon) 'female' Predana.

As meant in the Chronicle, the King of the Kingdom of Bandana (Badung) feels incomplete and irrational if he only worships God as Pradana 'Mother'. In order to be complete and rational, it is also better to worship as Purusa 'Father'. The concept of rwa bhineda 'binary opposition' has indeed been the essence of the wisdom of the Balinese people since ancient times. Therefore he ordered the construction of the Raras Majapahit Temple to accompany the Raras Maospahit Temple which had been built by Sri Kebo Iwa previously.

In line with that, Jro Mangku Pun emphasized his stance that Bhatara Lingsir and Ida Ayu were Sang Hyang Ardanareswari 'two single gods'. He is a religious taksu' magician of the Badung kingdom. God as Bhatara Lingsir Sakti is believed to have the task of bestowing kadiatmikan 'spiritual enlightenment' to the king and the Badung people who are devoted to him. On the other hand, God as Ratu Ayu Mas Maospahit is believed to be the bearer of the task of bestowing wisdom.

'Ability to be able to work professionally and with dignity' so that the kingdom becomes safe and prosperous. Mangku believes that this is what happened to the ancestors who were the pangrajeg "responsible" for the Maospahit Temple and the Bandana kingdom.

Given that, the existence of Maospahit Temple is very important for the successors of the Bandana kingdom, especially the Puri Pemecutan and Puri Satriya (Satria) families.

This temple seems not solely to worship the Ista Dewata, but also to glorify the ancestors, especially the king's ancestors. Ida Bhatara Lingsir, is also a title to honor the male ancestor of the Majapahit kingdom. Preferably, Ratu Ayu Maospahit, may also be a title to honor the female ancestors of the Majapahit kingdom. Including to glorify Sri Kebo Iwa for his services. Hindus believe that the ancestors are jan bangul 'puja delivery' to be able to connect with the Gods who are worshiped. Without the blessing of the ancestors, worship of God is seen as flawed. The ancestor, because of his good deeds after he passed away, through the Sradha or Ngaben and Mamukur rituals, his spirit was enshrined and believed to be able to become one with the Ista Dewata he worships. The Maharsi taught: "Pitra Dewa Bhawa" 'Ancestors are the embodiment of God'.

Jro Mangku explained that the area of the temple is around 70-80 acres (not yet measured). The chosen temple of the five mandalas. The first mandala is in front of a gate called Candi Kusuma facing Jalan Sutomo. Like the other Kori Agung gates, the Kusuma temple's door was not wide. Inside the front mandala are the Twin Salu, the majestic and tall Bale Kulkul, the Pelinggih Ratu Ngurah Pengasasan, and the Piasan. On the west side of Penyengker, in the south corner, there is a tall, sturdy gate facing west. Its name is Rengat Temple. This gate serves as a path to mandala two.

The second mandala, which is in the south of the temple, used to be quite large. However, now there is only an alley two meters wide that leads to the next gate which is west of the South Pengengker Temple. Going down this alley, some distance to the west, there is a Candi Bentar, which is also sturdy and has a magnificent red brick arch. The name Rebah Temple. This third mandala, also called Jaba Sisi. There are a number of distinctive buildings here. Among these are the Kompargih Ratu Cede Kobar Api, Bale Pesandekan, Bale Cede, Bale Sakaulu, Parerepan, Pawaregan, Pelinggih Bhatara Wisnu, and Sumur. There is also a large Soka and Nyambu Rata tree shading this mandala which makes the temple cool and seems haunted. The main function of this mandala is as a kitchen for ‘offerings’, a public kitchen, and a ‘resting place’.

To the east of this mandala is the Bentar Temple, a red brick with a wide door, which is also sturdy and unique. At Candi Bentar in the northern hemisphere, there is a large relief (a statue attached) of Bima wrapped around two dragons. Her name is Queen Ngurah Bayu. Lined up on the north side of the temple wall are statues of Dewa Yama, Indra and Sangkara. On the other hand, on the southern side of the temple, there is a large statue of Garuda bird carrying Sangku Amerta, a pot of water of life. Her name is Ratu Ngurah Paksi. Lined up to the south are statues of Dewa Kuwera and Baruna. This unique statue is of course of particular interest to archaeologists.

The sacred statues accompanying Ratu Ngurah Bayu and Ratu Ngurah Paksi are five gods called Sanghyang Panca Korsika. They are the guardian gods of Qibla. Its existence is believed to be the one who bestows the grace of supernatural protection so that the sanctity of the temple and Hindus who carry out religious activities in the temple are safe from various forms of disturbance that are unfavorable. Meanwhile, RatuNgurah Bayu and RatuNgurah Paksi are also believed to have a protective function.

 By crossing this Bentar Temple, we are invited to enter the fourth mandala which is called Jaba Tengah. This mandala is also quite wide. There are a number of sacred buildings here, namely the Pesucian Bale, the Tajuk Bale, and the Sumanggen Bale. In this mandala there is a Sawo Kecik tree, which is quite lush. This mandala is of course for the wall of 'sacred art', especially when there is a ceremony at this temple.

In the eastern part of this mandala, there is a stumpy, unique, and tall Kori Agung. By going through this Kori Agung, we will arrive at the main mandala which is called Jeroan. Here there are quite a number of sacred buildings. This is where the Raras Maospait Temple and the Raras Majapahit Temple which were discussed earlier stood. Other sacred buildings that are no less unique are the Bale Pangayunan, Bale Taksu, and a number of Kabuyutan palinggih. Ratu Hyang Agung's palinggih, Piasan, and several Kabuyutan palinggih. In certain parts of this mandala, Japanese trees grow which look quite old, eucalyptus, nutmeg Jiwa and other ornamental trees add to the ancient image of the Maospait Temple.

The antiquity and splendor of Dang Kahyangan Maospait is historical evidence of the existence of King Bandana of the Kingdom of Badung. The king's ideals and blessing, the involvement of community leaders together with the community to build and serve at the Maospahit Temple used to be a sign that the temple was the center of royal orientation. Temple is a form of religion adopted by the kingdom. Ista Dewata who is worshiped in the temple is the spirit or royal prestige.

Sakenan Temple

by Cultures

Sakenan Temple is part of thousands of temples in Bali. It is located in Serangan village, South Denpasar district. Previously, Serangan was a separate island that could only be accessed by sea, but after undergoing reclamation, this area is so easy to visit by land. Serangan itself is an attractive place for a number of tourists, there are turtle hatcheries, recreational diving and also other watersport activities such as in Tanjung Benoa, so that it becomes one of the tourist attractions in Bali that is a shame not to be missed.

Serangan Island is relatively small with a length of 2.9 km and a width of 1 km. As the name comes from the words sira and angen, it really makes you miss it because of its beauty, that's why Bugis sailors deliberately stop and rest looking for a drink here, because of the beauty of the island they feel at home for long, that's why until now there is a village called Kampung Bugis in this area. If you are a tourist, try to schedule a tour in Bali for you to visit here, besides some recreations such as water sports and turtle hatchery you can fish and dive.

Sakenan Temple itself is a heavenly temple, and according to the Usana Bali papyrus, it was built by Mpu Kuturan (Rajaketha). can be accessed by sea using fishing boats, gradually this sea transportation is starting to be abandoned, because now vehicles such as cars and even large buses can easily access Serangan.

If from the inscription of the village of Sading, Kec. Mengwi, Badung, the construction of Sakenan Temple is estimated when Bali was ruled by king Sri Masula Masuli, he reigned from the year Isaka 1100 (1178 AD) and ruled for 77 years. When Dang Hyang Nirartha was on a spiritual journey around the island of Bali, he also had time to stop by Serangan Island, he really admired the beauty of this island, the combination of sea and island nature was so harmonious, so he decided to spend the night a few days, and finally on the west side he built a holy place called Pura Sakenan

There are those who translate Sakenan from the word Cakya which means to immediately unite the mind, very reasoned that this small place separated by the sea has more calm and silence, so it is easy to unite the spirit or mind to the Creator. Pujawali at Sakenan Temple every 210 days, to be precise, Kuningan day on Saturday Kliwon, Kuningan.

When Hindus pray on Kuningan Day, there are at least 3 temples where people pray, namely the Susunan Wadon temple about 500 meters east of the main temple, then the Susunan Agung and Dalem Sakenan temples on the west coast. This is a package for a spiritual journey while praying to Serangan Island. Because the three temples symbolize Purusa, Pradhana and Lingga.

There is mention of Sakenan Temple as Samudra Kertih part of Sad Kertih. A place to worship Ida Hyang Baruna as the ruler of the sea to protect the safety of the world, purify all bhuta kala and humans, eliminate all kinds of diseases and obsta

If you are a tourist, even though you are not a Hindu you can witness the serenity and sacredness of Sakenan Temple. Apart from that, you can enjoy some marine tourism such as banana boating, diving, parasailing and jet skiing. Watersport games here are quieter, unlike Tanjung Benoa which is always crowded.

Pura Luhur Candi Narmada

by Cultures

This temple is never empty of Pamedek. They are average fishermen and traders. Yes, the puru is called Pura Luhur Candi Narmada Tanah Kilap. This temple has a long history. Starting from a pelinggih on a rock after the Bendega Pan Satang mesesangi (vows) after getting an abundance of fish.

Pura Luhur Narmada Tanah Kilap Temple is located on the border of Badung Regency and Denpasar City. Precisely in Muara Tukad Badung on Jalan Bypass I Gusti Ngurah Rai Denpasar. It is believed that the person with the status of Ida Ratu Bhatari Nihang Sakti is the Goddess of Prosperity.

From the narrative of the Stakeholder of the Narmada Temple Luhur Temple, IB Made Sudana, before it stood as majestic as it is today, the Luhur Tanah Kilap temple already existed, but it was still a simple temple. "The history of this temple is written in ejection found at Griya Gede Mount Beau Muncan- Karangasem," he explained.

As for the history of this temple, as told by Sudana, during the reign of the Bandana Raja kingdom, on the southern coast of the island of Bali there lived a Bendega (fisherman) named Pan Santeng, who lived daily from his activities as a fisherman at the mouth of a river facing the sea. South Bali. One day, while at sea, it turned out that Pan Santeng had no results at all, and this incident went on for three consecutive days.

Finally on the third day, finally Pan Santeng said his masesangi (vow) promise, if he got fish, he would give pekelem and his prayer was answered.

"So Pan Santeng built a pelinggih on a rock and every day diligently the Bendega delivered devotions at the pelinggih, as he caught more and more catches," continued Sudana.

Until one day, Pan Santeng received word that the shrine was the residence of Ida Brahma Putri from Patni Keniten named Ida Ayu Ngurah Saraswati Swabhawa.

Such is the essence of the history of Pura Luhur Candi Narmada and that temple for centuries remained in the form of a simple stone shrine on a rock, until finally it was continued by Sudana in 1958 when a mother from Kuta received a gift to build a grand studio in the Pelinggih Ratu Niang Sakti area.

Finally, the Agung Studio was built, and slowly the pelinggih was visited by more and more people from all over Denpasar City and from outside Denpasar. "Especially by traders and fishermen, this temple is a place to ask for grace," he continued.

Along with the times, slowly, the construction of the Luhur Tanah Kilap temple is growing with several buildings and other buildings starting from Bale Kulkul, Pelinggih Ratu Gede Bendega, Gelung Kuri and Pelatasan, Pelinggih Padmasana, Pelinggih Meru and Negara Segara, Pelinggih Ada Rambut Sedana, Pelinggih Penglurah, Pelinggih Bhatara Wisnu, Pelinggih Ratu Bagus, Pelinggih Jineng, Pelinggih Bhatari Niang Sakti, Gedong Simpen and Telaga Waja and Bale Peselang.

Sudana said the pelinggih was in the main Mandala Pura Luhur Tanah Kilap. Meanwhile, in the Palembang area, there are two other shrines, namely the Bhatara Dalem Ped Junction Temple which is located to the east and Taman Temple and Tapa Gni which are located to the west. The existing shrines and pretense are one unit in Pura Luhur Candi Narmada Tanah Kilap.

Pura Agung Jagatnatha

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On February 5, 1963, the Governor of Bali, Anak Agung Bagus Sutedja, approved the construction of the temple, officially named Pura Agung Jagatnatha. Then, on January 1, 1965, the committee asked Anak Agung Ketut Anggara from Banjar Belong, Denpasar, to create a building design and lead the builders in constructing the temple.

During the outbreak of the September 30, 1965 incident, the construction process of the temple was briefly halted. On July 28, 1967, the foundation of the Padmasana in the form of Bedawang Nala was completed. Then, on October 15, 1967, the construction of the Padmasana had reached the middle part.

On December 13, 1967, the entire Padmasana building was completed. On February 5, 1968, the Candi Bentar was finished, and on May 13, 1968, which was Purnama Jiyestha (a holy day for Hindus, celebrated to ask for blessings and grace from Hyang Widhi), the temple was officially inaugurated.

According to Widyanegara, Pura Agung Jagatnatha has a uniqueness that sets it apart from other temples in Bali, which is the absence of Pengempon (a community group that manages the temple). Pura Agung Jagatnatha only has a few people who manage the funds from its construction to daily ceremonies.

The location of Pura Agung Jagatnatha is very strategic, located in the center of Denpasar city, next to the east of Puputan Badung Square and adjacent to the Bali Museum tourist attraction on Jln. Mayor Wisnu. As you enter the temple area, you will feel the tranquility and comfort, which can provide a different atmosphere when you are tired of the hustle and bustle of the city.

Pura Geriya Tanah Kilap

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Pura Tanah Kilap is a temple located in Banjar Gelogor Carik, Pakraman Pemogan Village, South Denpasar District, Badung Regency, Bali. It was built in 1962 by the Badung Regency Government and is named after the shiny, red soil in the surrounding area, known as "legit" or "ampo" soil. During its construction, there were several mysterious stories that may be hard to believe.

The Public Works Department (PU) of the Badung Regency planned to build a bridge on the west side of the temple to connect the roads around Pura Tanah Kilap. However, the construction process faced obstacles, and the bridge was not completed. A mystical event occurred when an old woman appeared in Pura Tanah Kilap, believed to be Ida Bhatara Ratu Niang. The old woman requested a Pelinggih, a special temple, be built for her. The bridge could only be built if her wish was granted. Eventually, a Pelinggih was built on the east side of the bridge, and the bridge construction process ran smoothly. This mystical story became a unique attraction for visitors to Pura Tanah Kilap.

In addition to its mysterious history, Pura Tanah Kilap has a unique charm compared to other temples in Bali. It is an acculturation of Chinese and Balinese culture and has a distinct building design. Located in the middle of the city, the temple is easily accessible, only 15 minutes by car from Denpasar and 10 minutes from Ngurah Rai International Airport.

Pura Petilan Pengerebongan

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Pura Petilan, also known as Pura Pengrebongan, is one of the temples in Denpasar that has a close relationship with the history of the palace in Kesiman.

The temple, located on the north side of WR. Supratman Street, Denpasar, has a unique historical and traditional value, namely Ngerebong every Redite Pon Medangsia.

The son of the Badung King, who later became the King of Kesiman with the title Cokorda Kesiman or Batara Inggas, established a new palace west of Puri Kedaton or Puri Kesiman Baru. To strengthen the support of the people in Kesiman, the places of worship in the Kesiman area were also improved.

In the eastern part of Pura Petilan, places of worship for the Pasek community, Gaduh community, and Dangka community were built. Similarly, the places of worship that were related to Pura Petilan were renovated by the king. These temples include Pura Kedaton, Pura Urasana, Pura Kesiman, and Pura Tojan. Likewise, during the ceremony at Pura Petilan, the king and the people worshipped together. The Pengerebongan ceremony of adding the king's statue was also carried out and placed in the Gedung Agung together with the Dalem Kesiman statue.

At Pura Petilan Kesiman, there is a gedong agung (main shrine) located in the center, with a bedawang nala base to place the statues. Next to the gedong agung, there is another gedong to accommodate the manca pengerob temple and all the pecanangan or pratima from all the temples in the Kesiman area during the Pengerebongan ceremony at Pura Petilan.

Pura Petilan is very interesting as a unifier of the people, in this case, the residents of Kesiman with various (soroh) or residents with various professions. They are united on the basis of religious strength such as the existence of a temple that not only functions as a medium of worship to God and the holy ancestral spirits but also reaches out to social and cultural aspects.

Pura Campuhan Windu Segara

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Bali, known as the island of a thousand temples, is home to various temples with different functions, including Pura Campuhan Windhu Segara, which is a popular spot for melukat (purification) and seeking blessings for safety and healing from illnesses.

Located on the beach, Pura Campuhan is named after the meeting point of seawater and freshwater from the Ayung River. Despite being relatively new, construction starting in 2005, the temple quickly gained popularity among locals and tourists.

Unlike other ancient temples on the island, Pura Campuhan Windhu Segara started with the miraculous story of Jro Mangku Gede Alit Adnyana, a priest who was cured of kidney failure after receiving a spiritual message to build a parahyangan Ida Bhatara at the location where he found a piece of wood emitting smoke on the beach at Padang Galak.

With the support of the community, including people of different religions, construction of the temple began in 2005, showcasing the religious tolerance in Bali. Today, the temple stands beautifully on the sandy beach at Padang Galak, offering a unique and interesting experience for visitors seeking spiritual purification and blessings.